Níedes [] adv of need, needs, necessarily, compulsorily, not willingly; genitive sing of níed

níedfara [] m (-n/-n) one who journeys under compulsion, who is forced to march, fugitive, exile

níedfaru [] f (-e/-a) compulsory journey, a journey one is forced to take, death

níedfréond [] m (-es/-fríend) kinsman, friend, one closely connected by relationship or friendship

níedful [] adj needful, necessary

níedgedál² [] n (-es/-) an inevitable parting, the parting of body and soul, forced dissolution, death

níedgeféra [] m (-n/-n) inevitable companion

níedgenga [] m (-n/-n) one who is forced to go or one who goes in misery, wretched wanderer

níedgestealla [] m (-n/-n) comrade in need, one who is closely bound to another by the ties of comradeship

níedgeweald [] n (-es/-) power that is forcibly exercised or that causes distress, tyranny

níedgráp [] f (-e/-a) coercive grip, a violent grasp, forcible clutch

níedgrápe [] m (-es/-as) coercive grip, a violent grasp, forcible clutch

níedgripe [] m (-es/-as) a violent grasp

níedgylta [] m (-n/-n) debtor

níedhǽmed [] n (-es/-) rape

níedhǽmedre [] m (-es/-as) adulterer, a violator of chastity

níedhǽmestre [] f (-an/-an) a woman who has been violated, a mistress?, concubine?, adulteress?

níedhelp [] f (-e/-a), m (-es/-as) help in need, needful help, help in trouble

níedhíernes [] f (-se/-sa) slavery, enforced obedience, servitude

níedhús [] n (-es/-) needed room, a necessary room

níedlic [] adj necessary

níedling [] m (-es/-as) slave, one who serves of necessity, bondman; captive; sailor, one who has to serve on board ship

níedmáge [] f (-an/-an) a near kinswoman, blood-relation, a cousin

níedmǽg¹ [] m (-es/-as, -mágas) a near kinsman, blood-relation, a cousin

níedmægen [] n (-es/-) force, violence

níedmicel [] adj urgent, very important; cmp níedmára; spl níedmǽst

níednǽm [] f (-e/-a) seizure, a taking by force, rapine

níednǽman [] wv/t1b 3^rd pres níednǽmð past níednǽmde ptp geníednǽmed to take by force, to force a woman, to ravish

níednes [] f (-se/-sa) necessity

níednima [] m (-n/-n) one who takes by force

níedniman [] sv/t4 3^rd pres níednimð past níednóm/on, níednam/níednámon ptp geníednumen to take by force, ravish, abduct

níednimend [] m (-es/-) rapine

níednimu [] f (-e/-a) a taking by force, forcible seizure, rapine

níednimung [] f (-e/-a) a taking by force, rapine, abduction

níedriht [] n (-es/-) a duty which must be performed, service, office; a due, what must be paid, tribute

níedscyld [] f (-e/-e) moral necessity, bounden duty

níedsibb [] f (-e/-a) relationship

níedsyndrig [] adj quite apart?

níedsynn [] f (-e/-a) a sin of violence

níedþearf [] 1. f (-e/-a) need, necessity, compulsion, force; need, necessity, inevitableness; necessity, constraint; need (for something); a necessary thing, what a person needs; need, distress, trouble; want, thing needed; a necessary business; need, a condition marked by the lack or want of something necessary, or requiring some extraneous aid or addition; 2. adj necessary, needful

níedþearflic [] adj necessary, needful, useful; adv ~líce necessarily; usefully

níedþearfnes [] f (-se/-sa) need (for something), necessity; (where there is idea of want); necessity, compulsion; need, trouble, distress; time of need; what is unavoidable

níedþéow [] m (-es/-as) slave, thrall

níedþéowetling [] m (-es/-as) one who is forced into slavery (for an unsatisfied claim), bond-slave

níedþéowian [] wv/t2 to reduce to servitude, to compel service from, exact service from (an ecclesiastical establishment)

níedþing [] n (-es/-) a necessary thing

níedþrafung [] f (-e/-a) harsh reproof

níedunga [] adv necessarily, by force, forcibly, against a person’s will

níedwǽdla [] m (-n/-n) poor wretch, a needy place

níedwís [] adj needful, fitting, necessary, due; ~líce adv of necessity

níedwísnes [] f (-se/-sa) necessity

níedwræclíce [] adv as if acting under compulsion, as if forcibly driven

níedwyrhta [] m (-n/-n) one who acts from necessity, an involuntary agent

níehst [] 1. adv most nearly, in closest proximity; last (of order in time); 2. adj latest, last; nearest, next; æt~anat last, next

níehsta [] m (-n/-n), f (-an/-an) closest friend; ¹ neighbor; next of kin

nierwan¹ [] wv/t1b to confine, constrain, repress; beset, rebuke, chasten, blame, threaten

nierwian¹ [] wv/t2 to confine, constrain, repress; beset, rebuke, chasten, blame, threaten

níeten [] n (-es/-) small animal, beast, cattle [neat]

níetencynn [] n (-es/-) kind of animal

níetenlic [] adj animal, brutish, after the manner of a brute; adv ~líce like an animal

níetennnes [] f (-se/-sa) brutishness

nífara [] m (-n/-n) newcomer, stranger

nifol [] adj dark, gloomy [= neowol]

nift [] f (-e/-a) niece; granddaughter; step-daughter

nígecyrred [] adj newly converted

nígehalgod [] adj newly consecrated (of a king), newly crowned

níghworfen [] adj newly converted

nigon [] num nine; ordinal nigoða

nigonfeald [] adj nine-fold

nigongielde [] adj entitled to nine-fold compensation

nigonnihte [] adj nine days old

nigontéoða [] adj nineteenth; ninetieth

nigontíene [] num nineteen; ordinal nigontéoða

nigontíenlic [] adj containing the number nineteen

nigontig [] num ninety; ordinal nigontigoða

nigonwintre [] adj nine years old

nigoða [] adj ninth; ninth part

nigoðe [] adv ninthly

nígslýcod [] adj freshly smoothed, glossy [participle]

nihol see neowol

nihstig [] adj fasting [ne, wist]

niht [] f (-e/-) night (as opposed to day); night, darkness (as opposed to light), a time dark as night; often used in enumerations where modern English uses days; used to mark an occasion or a point of time; as a division or period of time; [gen/dat sing ~e; gen/dat pl ~a/~um]

nihtbealu [] n (-wes/-) destruction by night, bale or hurt that comes at night

nihtbuttorfléoge [] f (-an/-an) beetle or moth which flies by night, an insect that flies at night

nihtéage [] 1. n (-an/-an) disease of the eye; 2. adj that can see at night, able to see at night

nihteald [] adj that happened yesterday; cmp nihtieldra; spl nihtieldest

nihtegala [] m (-n/-n) a nightingale

nihtegale [] f (-an/-an) nightingale; nightjar; a bird whose note is heard at night; the night raven

nihtegesa [] m (-n/-n) nocturnal terror, terror by night

nihterne [] 1. adj nocturnal; 2. adv nightly; by night; during a night, for a night

nihternnes [] f (-se/-sa) night season, night-time

nihtes [] adv at night, by night, night [gen sing of niht, by analogy to dæges]; dæges and ~ continuously

nihtfeorm [] f (-e/-a) the amount of provisions necessary for one night, entertainment due to the king

nihtfeormung [] f (-e/-a) shelter at night; entertainment for the night

nihtgenga² [] m (-n/-n) night-goer, goblin, a creature that goes at night, evil spirit

nihtgenge [] f (-an/-an) night-prowler, hyena, a night-goer, an animal that prowls at night

nihtgerím² [] n (-es/-) number of nights, reckoning by days, number of days

nihtgield [] n (-es/-) night sacrifice or service, a service, sacrifice celebrated at night

nihtglóm [] m? (-es/-as) gloom of night, the darkness of night

nihthelm² [] m (-es/-as) shades of night, the covering of night, night’s curtain

nihthræfn [] m (-es/-as) night-raven, night-jar, night-owl (1)

nihthrefn [] m (-es/-as) night-raven, night-jar, night-owl (2)

nihthremn [] m (-es/-as) night-raven, night-jar, night-owl (3)

nihthróc [] m (-es/-as) night-raven, night-rock, raven

nihthwíl [] f (-e/-a) space of a night; the space of a day, 24 hours

nihtian¹ [] wv/i2 to become night

nihtlang [] adj lasting through the night, night-long, a night in length; cmp nihtlengra; spl nihtlengest; adv ~es for the night

nihtlic [] adj nocturnal, nightly, of the night, at night

nihtnihstig [] adj having fasted for a night, fasting for a night; on ~ after fasting a night

nihtrest [] f (-e/-a) couch, the couch on which one rests at night

nihtsang [] m (-es/-as) compline, the service at the seventh of the canonical hours; book of service for compline, a copy of the service

nihtscada [] m (-n/-n) nightshade (plant)

nihtscúa² [] m (-n/-n) the darkness, shades of night [gen sing also ~scúwan]

nihtslǽp [] m (-es/-as) night’s sleep, sleep during the night

nihtwacu [] f (-e/-a) night-watch

nihtwaru [] f (-e/-a) clothing for night, night-wear

nihtwæcce [] f (-an/-an) night-watch, vigil

nihtweard [] m (-es/-as) guardian at night, a guard who keeps watch at night

nihtweorc [] n (-es/-) deed done at night

nílǽred [] adj newly initiated

niman¹ [] sv/t4 3^rd pres nimð past nóm/on, nam/námon ptp genumen 1. to take, receive, get; 2. to take keep, hold; 3. to take, catch; 4. to contain; 4a. to occupy; 5. to take (with one), bear, carry, bring; 6. to take (to one), give; 7. to take forcibly, hold, seize, catch, take away, grasp, pluck up, carry off, take away; 8. to adopt, appropriate; 9. to betake oneself, go; 10. to experience; to suffer, tolerate; 11. ge~ grasp, comprehend;ge~ take to wife;ge~ sv/r4 to collect oneself;hé hine genam he collected himself; 12. in a metaphorical sense; frið ge~ make peace; andan ~ to take umbrage, offence; bysne niman be/æt w.d. to take example by/from; casum ~ to take a case (of the government of verbs); eard ~ to take up one’s abode; fréondrǽdenne ~ to take friendship; frið ~ wið to make peace with; geléafan ~ to believe; geþéodrǽdenne ~ wið to associate with; graman ~ to take offence, feel angry; láre ~ to accept teaching; lufe ~ tó to take an affection for; mód ~ to take courage; on ~ to take effect on; on gemynd ~to bear in remembrance, recollect; on hæft ~ to take captive; sibbe ~ to make terms with; sige ~ to gain victory; tó gemæccan ~ to take to wife; tó suna ~ to adopt as a son; wæpna ~ to take up arms; ware ~ to take care; weg ~ to take, go one’s way; wícstówa ~ to pitch a camp; se nimenda dǽl the participle

niman [continued from previous definition] 1. to seize, grasp, capture, catch; (1) to get into one’s hands by force or artifice; (a) by war, robbery, legal process, etc.; w.a. cognate: (b) to catch fish, an animal, a bird, etc.; (b α) ofananimal, to seize prey; (2) to lay hold of with the hand, to seize and hold; (3) sv/i4 ofaplant, to take to that on which it grows, take hold, get rooted; (4) with non-material agent; 2. without the idea of force or art.; (1) with a material object; (a) to take into one’s hand or hold; (α) with the instrumentality of the hand or hands explicitly or implicitlyindicated; nim þá girde on þíne hand take the gird into thy hand; (β) withthe instrumentality not expressed or considered; nim þín bedd and gá take thy bed and go; (b) to receive into one’s body by one’s own act, take food; (c) to bring, receive, or adopt a person into some relation to oneself; (cc) in reference tomarriage or cohabitation; gif Iacob nimð wíf if Jacob takes a wife; (d) to transfer by one’s own direct act something into one’s possession or keeping, to appropriate; (2) with non-material object; (a) to adopt a custom, law, etc.; (b) to assume, charge oneself with a function, responsibility, etc.; (c) to undertake and perform, to take a part; (d) to assume as if one’s own, to assume as if granted; (e) in grammar, to have by right or usage, to take a particular case, ending, etc.; 3. with the idea of choice, purpose, use, treatment, or occupation; (1) with the idea of choice, to pick out from a number, atrandom or with intention; nim sume tigelan take any tile (out of a number); (2) with the idea of purpose, use, employment, to choose or adopt, in orderto use; uton niman þá let us adopt them; (3) to adopt and enter upon a way; (4) with the idea of treatment; (5) with the idea ofoccupation; (5a) intrans and fig; (α) to have a place in; (β) to take place, occur; (6) to occupy, take up the time or attention of, hold in suspense; hú lang nimst þú úsra sáwla how long will you hold our souls in suspense; 4. to obtain from a source, model, etc., derive; (1) to obtain by one’s own act from some source, material ornonmaterial; nim þǽr góde éagesealfe get a good eyesalve from the materials used; (2) to infer, deduce; Dryhten nam of þisse wísan a lord deduced from this wise-man; (3) to get information, evidence, etc., by inquiry, questioning, etc.; 5. to take something given or offered; híe sóhton tó nimenne hwilchwegu they sought to take something; (1) to receive something given, bestowed, allotted, etc.; (1a) to receive a person delivered over to one’s keeping; (1b) to receive something inflicted, undergo, have done to one; (2) to receive or get in payment, as wages, fine, tribute, etc.; gif man nime æfesne on swínum if one takes special pasturage on swine; (3) to receive, accept, exact a promise, engagement, oath, etc.; hé nam his áð he accepted his oath; (4) to receive something offered, not to refuse, receive willingly, accept; (5) to accept as true or correct; ne ealle nimað þás word not all take this word as true; (6) to accept with the mind or will in some specified way; (7) to include, contain; 6. of intellectual action, (1) to receive and hold with the intellect; (a) to apprehend, understand; (b) to keep in mind; (2) to begin to have or be affected by a feeling or state ofmind; (3) to conceive and exercise courage, pity, etc.; 7. with nearly the force of make or do; 8. with the idea of movement orremoval, (1) to carry, convey, cause a person to go with one, conduct, lead; (1a) to move to a stateor condition, to promote to a rank; (2) to carry a thing with one, bring to a person or place, draw to oneself; (3) to take away, remove; (a) without employing violence; (a α) wherethe point from which a thing is moved is marked by a preposition; (b) with the idea of violence, deprivation; (b α) with prepositions; (c) of removal by death or decay; (4) to deliver, hand over; (5) to bring to mind; (6) sv/i4 to move oneself, proceed; (6a) to get on, develop, flourish; 9. intransitive use in idiomatic combination with preposition; hé nimð æt mé, man ne nimð geféan fram éow; hé nimð of mínre handa; 10. in combination with adverbs, forming the equivalent of compound verbs;

niman¹ [] sv/t4 3^rd pres nimð past nóm/on, nam/námon ptp genumen 1. to take, receive, get; 2. to take keep, hold; 3. to take, catch; 4. to contain; 4a. to occupy; 5. to take (with one), bear, carry, bring; 6. to take (to one), give; 7. to take forcibly, hold, seize, catch, take away, grasp, pluck up, carry off, take away; 8. to adopt, appropriate; 9. to betake oneself, go; 10. to experience; to suffer, tolerate; 11. ge~ grasp, comprehend;ge~ take to wife;ge~ sv/r4 to collect oneself;hé hine genam he collected himself; 12. in a metaphorical sense; frið ge~ make peace; andan ~ to take umbrage, offence; bysne niman be/æt w.d. to take example by/from; casum ~ to take a case (of the government of verbs); eard ~ to take up one’s abode; fréondrǽdenne ~ to take friendship; frið ~ wið to make peace with; geléafan ~ to believe; geþéodrǽdenne ~ wið to associate with; graman ~ to take offence, feel angry; láre ~ to accept teaching; lufe ~ tó to take an affection for; mód ~ to take courage; on ~ to take effect on; on gemynd ~to bear in remembrance, recollect; on hæft ~ to take captive; sibbe ~ to make terms with; sige ~ to gain victory; tó gemæccan ~ to take to wife; tó suna ~ to adopt as a son; wæpna ~ to take up arms; ware ~ to take care; weg ~ to take, go one’s way; wícstówa ~ to pitch a camp; se nimenda dǽl the participle

niman [continued from previous definition] 1. to seize, grasp, capture, catch; (1) to get into one’s hands by force or artifice; (a) by war, robbery, legal process, etc.; w.a. cognate: (b) to catch fish, an animal, a bird, etc.; (b α) ofananimal, to seize prey; (2) to lay hold of with the hand, to seize and hold; (3) sv/i4 ofaplant, to take to that on which it grows, take hold, get rooted; (4) with non-material agent; 2. without the idea of force or art.; (1) with a material object; (a) to take into one’s hand or hold; (α) with the instrumentality of the hand or hands explicitly or implicitlyindicated; nim þá girde on þíne hand take the gird into thy hand; (β) withthe instrumentality not expressed or considered; nim þín bedd and gá take thy bed and go; (b) to receive into one’s body by one’s own act, take food; (c) to bring, receive, or adopt a person into some relation to oneself; (cc) in reference tomarriage or cohabitation; gif Iacob nimð wíf if Jacob takes a wife; (d) to transfer by one’s own direct act something into one’s possession or keeping, to appropriate; (2) with non-material object; (a) to adopt a custom, law, etc.; (b) to assume, charge oneself with a function, responsibility, etc.; (c) to undertake and perform, to take a part; (d) to assume as if one’s own, to assume as if granted; (e) in grammar, to have by right or usage, to take a particular case, ending, etc.; 3. with the idea of choice, purpose, use, treatment, or occupation; (1) with the idea of choice, to pick out from a number, atrandom or with intention; nim sume tigelan take any tile (out of a number); (2) with the idea of purpose, use, employment, to choose or adopt, in orderto use; uton niman þá let us adopt them; (3) to adopt and enter upon a way; (4) with the idea of treatment; (5) with the idea ofoccupation; (5a) intrans and fig; (α) to have a place in; (β) to take place, occur; (6) to occupy, take up the time or attention of, hold in suspense; hú lang nimst þú úsra sáwla how long will you hold our souls in suspense; 4. to obtain from a source, model, etc., derive; (1) to obtain by one’s own act from some source, material ornonmaterial; nim þǽr góde éagesealfe get a good eyesalve from the materials used; (2) to infer, deduce; Dryhten nam of þisse wísan a lord deduced from this wise-man; (3) to get information, evidence, etc., by inquiry, questioning, etc.; 5. to take something given or offered; híe sóhton tó nimenne hwilchwegu they sought to take something; (1) to receive something given, bestowed, allotted, etc.; (1a) to receive a person delivered over to one’s keeping; (1b) to receive something inflicted, undergo, have done to one; (2) to receive or get in payment, as wages, fine, tribute, etc.; gif man nime æfesne on swínum if one takes special pasturage on swine; (3) to receive, accept, exact a promise, engagement, oath, etc.; hé nam his áð he accepted his oath; (4) to receive something offered, not to refuse, receive willingly, accept; (5) to accept as true or correct; ne ealle nimað þás word not all take this word as true; (6) to accept with the mind or will in some specified way; (7) to include, contain; 6. of intellectual action, (1) to receive and hold with the intellect; (a) to apprehend, understand; (b) to keep in mind; (2) to begin to have or be affected by a feeling or state ofmind; (3) to conceive and exercise courage, pity, etc.; 7. with nearly the force of make or do; 8. with the idea of movement orremoval, (1) to carry, convey, cause a person to go with one, conduct, lead; (1a) to move to a stateor condition, to promote to a rank; (2) to carry a thing with one, bring to a person or place, draw to oneself; (3) to take away, remove; (a) without employing violence; (a α) wherethe point from which a thing is moved is marked by a preposition; (b) with the idea of violence, deprivation; (b α) with prepositions; (c) of removal by death or decay; (4) to deliver, hand over; (5) to bring to mind; (6) sv/i4 to move oneself, proceed; (6a) to get on, develop, flourish; 9. intransitive use in idiomatic combination with preposition; hé nimð æt mé, man ne nimð geféan fram éow; hé nimð of mínre handa; 10. in combination with adverbs, forming the equivalent of compound verbs;

nimung [] f (-e/-a) action of taking, a taking, plucking

nípan² [] sv/i1 3^rd pres nípð past náp/nipon ptp is genipen to grow dark, obscure

nierwett [] n (-es/-) narrowness; a narrow place, defile, pass; oppression of the chest, difficulty breathing, hardness of breathing

nirewett [] n (-es/-) narrowness; a narrow place, defile, pass; oppression of the chest, difficulty breathing, hardness of breathing

nirwð [] f (-e/-a) prison house

nis [] verb form is not [ne is]

nísoden [] adj newly boiled

nistan [] wv/t1b to build a nest, to build nests

nistian [] wv/t2 to build a nest, to build nests

nistlan [] wv/t1b to make a nest, build a nest, to build nests

nistlian [] wv/t2 to make a nest, build a nest, to build nests

nið [] n (-es/nioðu) abyss, a place low down

níð [] m (-es/-as) 1. envy, hatred, enmity, rancor, spite, ill-will, jealousy; 2. action which arises from hatred, strife, war, hostility; 3. the effect of hatred, persecution, trouble, vexation, annoyance, affliction, tribulation, grief; 4. evil, wickedness, malice, an instance of wickedness or malice; 5. [original definition] strife, enmity, attack, war; evil, hatred, spite; oppression, affliction, trouble, grief

níð [] adj vexatious?, rancorous?

níðan [] wvt/1b to envy, hate

níðcwalu [] f (-e/-a) violent death, grievous destruction, destruction

níðcwealm [] m (-es/-as) violent death, destruction

níðdraca [] m (-n/-n) a hostile, malicious dragon

níðemest [] adj lowest, undermost, lowest

niðer [] adv below, beneath, down, downwards; lower, in an inferior position [no positive found]

niðera [] adj lower, under, lowest; of degree, rank, etc. inferior; spl niðemest, nyðemest [no positive found]

niðeráscúfan [] sv/t4 3^rd pres niðeráscýfð past niðeráscéaf/niðeráscufon ptp niðeráscofen to push down

niðerásettan [] wv/t1a to set down

niðerástígan [] sv/i1 3^rd pres niðerástígð past niðerástág/niðerástigon ptp is niðerástigen to descend

niðerbogen [] adj bent down [past participle]

niðerdǽl [] m (-es/-as) lower part

niðere [] adv below, beneath, down, low down

niðerecg [] f (-e/-a) the lower edge or brink

niðerflór [] m (-es/-as) lower story, a lower floor, a room downstairs

niðergán [] irreg v/t to descend

niðergang [] m (-es/-as) descent

niðerheald [] adj bent downwards

niðerhréosende [] adj falling down

niðerhryre [] m (-es/-as) downfall

niðerian¹ [] wv/t2 to depress, abase, bring low, humiliate, oppress; accuse, condemn; genyðred ignominious

niðerigendlic [] adj deserving condemnation

niðerlang [] adj stretching downward, with the length stretching downwards

niðerlǽtan [] sv/t7 3^rd pres niðerlǽteð past niðerlét/on, niðerleort/on ptp niðerlǽten to lose heart

niðerlecgung [] f (-e/-a) deposition, a laying down, entombment

niðerlic [] adj low (of position), low-lying, inferior, lowly; low, humble, inferior

niðernes [] f (-se/-sa) deepness, the bottom, lowness, a low position

niðeronwend [] 1. adj down-turned; 2. adv downwards

niðerscéotende [] adj rushing downwards

niðerscyfe[] m (-es/-as) rushing downwards, descent; a pushing down, falling down, hasty downward movement

niðersettan[] wv/t1a to set down

niðersige[] m (-es/-as) a going down, setting

niðerstige[] m (-es/-as) descent

niðerstígende[] adj descending

niðertorfian[] wv/t2 to throw down

niðerung¹ [] f (-e/-a) a bringing low, humiliation, abasement, overthrow, downthrow; damnation, condemnation

niðerweard[] adj downward, directed downwards, turned downwards; adv ~es downwards, in a downward direction

niðeweard [] adj low, situated beneath, bottom of (the noun with which the adjective agrees; niðeweard fót bottom of a foot)

níðful[] adj jealous, envious, malicious, quarrelsome, ill-disposed, evil

níðfullíce [] adv maliciously, enviously

níðgæst² [] m (-es/-as) hostile alien, fell demon, a malicious, malignant guest

níðgetéon [] n (-es/-) attack, injurious malice

níðgeweorc[] n (-es/-) evil deed, malicious, evil work

níðgrama [] m (-n/-n) anger, malice, malicious anger, anger and malice

níðgrim² [] adj fierce, hostile, savage, cruel

níðgripe [] m (-es/-as) fierce grasp, a hostile grasp

níðheard² [] adj bold, bold in battle, brave in battle, audacious

níðhell [] f (-e/-a) hateful hell, hell where malice and wickedness reign?

níðhete² [] m (-es/-as) 1. hostility, evil intent; rancorous hate, enmity; affliction, torment, grievous trouble; malice, wickedness; 2. a malignant foe, foe

níðhycgende² [] adj evil-scheming, having hatred or malice in the heart

níðhygdig [] adj valorous, having the mind disposed to strife, bold

níðig [] adj envious, malicious

níðing [] m (-es/-as) wretch, villain, coward, outlaw, one who commits a vile action; see mete~, un~

níðlíce [] adv abjectly, cowardly, meanly

níðloca [] m (-n/-n) place of torment, a place where one is shut up in misery

níðplega [] m (-n/-n) battle, fight

níðsceaða [] m (-n/-n) foe, persecutor, a malignant foe

níðscipe [] m (-es/-as) wickedness

níðsele [] m (-es/-as) hall of conflict, a hall where one is exposed to the hatred of a foe

níðsynn [] f (-e/-a) grievous sin

niððas² [] m pl men; [a poetical word used only in the plural]

níðweorc [] n (-es/-) battle, conflict

níðwracu² [] f (-e/-a) severe punishment; [gen ~wræce]

níðwundor [] n (-wundres/-) dire wonder, a wonder that portends evil, portent

níwan [] adv recently, newly, lately

níwanácenned [] adj newborn

níwbacen [] adj newly baked

níwcealct [] adj newly whitewashed

níwcenned [] adj newborn

níwcend [] adj newborn

níwcilct [] adj newly whitewashed

níwcumen [] 1. m (-es/-as) new-comer, neophyte, recently come (to a particular belief), newly come (to a particular belief), one newly come to a religious house, a novice; 2. adj newly come, just arrived

níwe [] adj 1. new, not yet used, untried; not existing before, now made, or brought into existence, for the first time; 1a. of a kind now first invented or introduced; 2. new, fresh, recent, not of long standing, not long made, not previously known; (1) of things spokenor heard; (2) of feelings, experience, events, etc.; (3) of things or persons; 3. new (to anything), untried, inexperienced; coming as a resumption or repetition of some previous act or thing; 3a. restored after demolition, decay, disappearance, etc.; applied to the moon; 4. new, fresh, novel, different from what has gone before, unheard of; other than the former or old, different from that previously existing, known, or used; 4a. of persons occupying a certain position or relationship; 5. with demonstrative se todistinguish the thing spoken offrom something old, or already existing, of the same kind; (1) of institutions, practices, etc.; séo níwe gewitnes the new testament; (2) with things, places, and persons; 6. of recent origin or growth, that has not yet existed long; 6a. of articles of food or drink, freshly made, produced, or grown, belonging to the fresh crop or growth; 6b. recently made, not yet used or worn, still unimpaired by use; 7. having but recently come into a certain state, position, or relationship; 7a. new to a thing, inexperienced in; níwe on geléafan new in belief; 7b. inexperienced, unskilled, rude; 8. adv newly, recently; ~an stefne again, anew; see níwan

níwerne [] adj? young, tender

níwfara [] m (-n/-n) a newcomer, a stranger

níwfyllan [] wvt/1a to fill anew

níwgecierred [] adj newly converted

níwgefara [] m (-n/-n) a newcomer, a stranger

níwgehálgod [] adj newly consecrated

níwhwierfed [] adj newly converted

níwhworfen [] adj newly converted

níwian [] wv/t2 to renew, renovate, restore; to repeat

níwlic [] adj fresh, new; adv ~líce lately, newly, recently

níwlinga [] adv anew

níwnes [] f (-se/-sa) newness, novelty

níwslýcod [] adj newly glossed, with the gloss fresh on it (a garment)

níwtyrwed [] adj newly tarred

níwung [] f (-e/-a) rudiment

níwunga [] adv newly, anew

noctern [] m? (-es/-as), n? (-es/-) a nocturn (religious service), one of the divisions of the office of matins [L]

non [] m (-es/-as) title of senior monks, the title given to the older by the younger monks

nón [] f (-e/-a), n (-es/-) the ninth hour (3 PM); nones (service held at the ninth hour); tó ~es till three o’clock; [L nona (hora)]; [prím prima; undern tertia; middæg sexta; nón nona; ǽfen vesperum]

nónbelle [] f (-an/-an) noon-bell, the bell rung at the hour for the service of nones

nóngereord [] n (-es/-) meal after nones, a repast after the service of nones, dinner

nónhring [] m (-es/-as) ringing of the noon-bell, the ringing of a bell to announce the hour for the service of nones

nónmete [] m (-es/-mettas) afternoon meal

nónsang [] m (-es/-as) service at 3 PM, nones

nóntíd [] f (-e/-e) ninth hour

nóntíma [] m (-n/-n) ninth hour

Normandig [] f (-e/-a) Normandy; [Normandíg?]

Noren [] adj Norse, Norwegian

Norren [] adj Norse, Norwegian

norð [] 1. adj northern; in a northerly position; cmp norðra, norðerra, spl norðmest; 2. adv northwards, in a northerly direction or position; in the north, north, in a northerly direction or position; cmp norðor, spl norðmest

norðan [] adv from the north; be…norðan prep w.d. north of

norðanéastan [] adv from the north-east, north-easterly; be ~ to the northeast

norðanéastanwind [] m (-es/-as) north-east wind, a wind from the northeast

Norðanhymbre [] m pl Northumbrians; Northumbria; the people or province north of the Humber

norðanweard [] adj northward; adv

norðanwestan [] adv from the north-west, north-westerly

norðanwestanwind [] m (-es/-as) north-west wind, a wind from the northwest

norðanwind [] m (-es/-as) north wind, a wind from the north

norðdǽl [] m (-es/-as) north quarter, a northern part, north; the north

Norð-Dene [] m pl the north-Danes

norðduru [] f (-a/-a) north door, a door on the north side of a building

norðéast [] 1. m (-es/-as) northeast; 2. adv in the northeast, to the northeast

norðéastende [] m (-es/-as) north-east end

norðéasthyrne [] f (-an/-an) north-east corner

norðéastlang [] adj extending north-eastwards, long in a northeasterly direction

norðéastrodor [] m (-rodres/-rodras) north-east quarter, the northeast corner, the northeast sky

norðefes [] f (-e/-a) northern border, a northern margin

norðende [] m (-es/-as) northern quarter, the north end or part

Norð-Engle [] m pl the inhabitants of the north of England

norðerne [] adj northern; applied to the Scandinavians, northern, Northumbrian, Scandinavian

norðerra [] adj more northerly

norðeweard [] adj northward, north

norðfolc [] n (-es/-) northern folk, the northern division of a people; (a) the people of the north of England; (b) the people of Norfolk, Norfolk

norðgársecg [] m (-es/-as) northern ocean

norðgemǽre [] n (-es/-u) northern limit, a boundary to the north

Norð-Gyrwas [] m pl the northern division of the Gyrwas

Norðhámtún [] m (-es/-as) Northampton

norðheald [] adj inclined northwards, sloping to the north, bent northwards

norðhealf [] f (-e/-a) the north-side, the north

norðhere [] m (-es/-as) army from the north, an army belonging to the north

norðhilde [] f (-an/-an) north slope

Norðhymbre [] 1. m pl Northumbrians; Northumbria; the people or province north of the Humber; 2. see Norðhymbrisc

Norðhymbrisc [] adj Northumbrian

norðhyrne [] f (-an/-an) north corner

norðland [] n (-es/-) northern land or shore, land lying to the north

norðlang [] adj north-along, having its length extending northwards, running north and south; cmp norðlengra; spl norðlengest

norðlanu [] f (-e/-a) north lane

norðléode [] m pl northern folk, the northern folk of England, Angles

norþlic [] adj northern

Norþmandisc [] adj Norman

Norþmann [] m (-es/-menn) dweller in the north, a man belonging to a northern country, Scandinavian; a Norseman, Norwegian, or Dane; referring to other countries

norðmest [] adj, adv northmost; spl of norð

Norð-Mirce [] m pl the north-Mercians

norðportic [] m (-es/-as) north porch

Norðriga [] m (-n/-n) a Norwegian

norðrihte [] adv direct northwards, due north (1)

norðrihtes [] adv direct northwards, due north (2)

norðrodor [] m (-rodres/-rodras) northern sky

norðsǽ [] f (-/-) northern sea, Bristol Channel; Baltic, North Sea

norðscéata [] m (-n/-n) northern point, promontory

norðsciphere [] m (-es/-as) a northern fleet, Danish fleet

Norð-Scottas [] m pl the Northern Scots

norðþéod [] f (-e/-a) northern people

norðþunor [] m (-þunres/-þunras) thunder from the north

Norðwálas [] m pl North Welsh (i.e. not Cornish); Wales (2)

Norðwéalas [] m pl North Welsh (i.e. not Cornish); Wales (1)

Norðwéalcynn [] n (-es/-) inhabitants of (North) Wales

Norðwealhcynn [] n (-es/-) inhabitants of (North) Wales

norðweall [] m (-es/-as) north wall

norðweard [] adj north; adv north, northward

norðweardes [] adv northwards

norðweg [] m (-es/-as) a way leading northwards

norðwest [] adv northwest

norðwestende [] m (-es/-as) north-west end

norðwestgemǽre [] m (-es/-as) north-west boundary

norðwind [] m (-es/-as) north wind

Norweg [] m (-es/-as) Norway

nóse² [] f (-an/-an) ness, promontory, a piece of land projecting into water

nosterl [] n (-es/-) nostril (4)

nosþirl [] n (-es/-) nostril (1)

nosþyrel [] n (-es/-) nostril (3)

nosþyrl [] n (-es/-) nostril (2)

nostle [] f (-an/-an) fillet, band

nosu [] f (-a/-a) nose; pl the nostrils, nose

nosugrisle [] f (-an/-an) nose-gristle (cartilage)

nót [] m (-es/-as) mark, note, sign [L nota]

nótere [] m (-es/-as) scribe, writer, one who makes notes [L]

notgeorn [] adj industrious, busy in useful employment, profitably employed, diligent in business; [néotan]

notian¹ [] wv/t2 1. to make use of, use, employ, enjoy, (a) w.g., þu his notast you make use of it; (b) w.d., hwilc notað cræfte which uses a skill; (c) w.a., þu híe notast you use them; (d) case undetermined; 2. to discharge an office; 3. ge~ note

notu [] f (-e/-a) 1. enjoyment, use, profit, advantage, utility; 2. an office, employment, occupation, or work, as properly pertaining or assigned to a person; 3. the discharge of an office, discharge of a duty, conduct of business; [néotan]

notwierðe [] adj useful

notwrítere [] m (-es/-as) one who makes notes, scribe

nóð² [] f (-e/-a) temerity, presumption, daring, boldness; booty, plunder; an adventurous band?

nówend [] m (-es/-) shipmaster, sailor, skipper, mariner

nú [] 1. adv now, at present, at this time, immediately; very recently; (1) at the present time; (2) in the time immediately following on the present moment, immediately; (3) in the time directly preceding the present moment; (4) with weakened temporal sense in sentences expressing commands,requests, and/or arguments; gehíeren wé nú for hwon se blinda onféng listen we now why the blind one caught; (5) used to introduce an important point in an argument, orseries of statements; nú gif þu hæfst ǽnig þing now, if you have any thing; (5b) inserted parenthetically with similar force; þéah hé nú máran wilnie though he now may desire more; (6) with preposition; oð nú until now; ~ gén still; ~ gíet as yet, still; ~ þá now, already; 2. conj now that, inasmuch as, because, since, when; 3. interj lo!, behold!, come!; ~ lá now

núhwænne [] ? straightway

núhwílum [] adv now-a-days, at present

Numantie [] m pl the Numantians

numen [] 1. adj taken; past participle of niman; 2. ? (-?/-?) a plucking [vulsio]

Numentie [] m pl the Numantians

Numentínas [] m pl the Numantians

Numentíne [] m pl the Numantians

Numentisc [] adj of Numantia

numestán [] m (-es/-as) a pebble, calculus

Numeðe [] m pl the Numidians

numol [] adj that can contain or hold much, able to take or contain much, wide, large, spacious, roomy, capacious; capacious, susceptible, capable of, good, able, apt, fit for; ofthemind, able to grasp, capable; [capax], holding much, quick at learning; biting, given to biting, snappish; stinging, sharp, biting, pungent [mordax], biting

núna [] adv now; probably a scribal error for nú ðá

nunfǽmne [] f (-an/-an) nun

nunhíred [] m (-es/-as) nunnery

nunlíf [] n (-es/-) life of a nun

nunmynster [] n (-mynstres/-) convent, nunnery

nunnanmynster [] n (-mynstres/-) convent, nunnery

nunne [] f (-an/-an) nun, of a Christian woman; of a non-Christian, pagan priestess, vestal

nunscrúd [] n (-es/-) the habit of a nun, nun’s dress [dat scrýd]

nyhtnes [] f (-se/-sa) abundance

nyhtsum¹ [] adj abundant, abounding; ge~ satisfied, contented; adv ~líce

nyhtsumian [] wv/i2 to be sufficient

nyhtsumnes [] f (-se/-sa) abundance

nyllan [] modal v/i + infinitive 3^rd pres nylle past nolde ptp genollen? to be unwilling; refuse, prevent; not to want to

nymðe [] conj unless, except; nor; 1. connecting clauses; 2. connecting words in the same case (contracted clauses, the verb of the second clause being the same as the first, and not expressed

nypel [] m (nyples/nyplas) trunk (of an elephant)

nytan [] irreg v/t 3^rd pres nát past nyste, nysse ptp genyten not to know, to be ignorant [ne, witan]; w.g.; w.dat.infin

nyten [] adj ignorant [ne, witan]

nytende [] adv ignorantly

nytenlic [] adj ignorant

nytennes [] f (-se/-sa) 1. ignorance; 1a. want of knowledge on a particular point; 1b. a condition of not being known by others, a state of incognito; 2. laziness, disgrace, ignominy; unknown state

nytlic [] adj useful, profitable, beneficial [Ger nützlich]; adv ~líce usefully

nytlicnes [] f (-se/-sa) usefulness, utility, useful property; profit, advantage

nytnes [] f (-se/-sa) use, utility, advantage, benefit, profit, convenience;

nytt [] 1. f (-e/-a) use, utility, advantage, profit; what is useful, advantageous, profitable; duty, office, employment; supervision, care; useful work, charge, service; 2. adj useful, beneficial, helpful, profitable; [néotan]

nyttian¹ [] wv/t2 w.g. to make use of, enjoy, use; eat

nyttol [] adj useful

nyttung [] f (-e/-a) profit, advantage

nytþearflic [] adj useful

nytwierðe [] adj useful, advantageous, profitable (1)

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